Cannabis is a fast-growing plant whose life cycle consists of several key stages: seed germination, vegetative growth, flowering, and maturation. To grow high-quality cannabis, it is essential to understand the specifics of each growth phase and provide the plant with proper conditions — adequate lighting, humidity, nutrients, and temperature. Cannabis cultivated in Ukraine, thanks to its fertile soils and favorable climate, shows high yield potential, especially when local climate conditions and seasonal changes are taken into account.
Key stages of cannabis growth
Cannabis begins its life with seed germination. This process typically lasts from 3 to 7 days and requires a moist and warm environment. Once the sprout emerges above the soil surface, the vegetative stage begins, which continues for about 4 to 8 weeks. During this phase, the plant rapidly increases its green mass, forming stems and leaves. It’s important to monitor lighting: cannabis needs at least 18 hours of light per day to develop a strong and healthy structure.
The vegetative stage is also characterized by active nutrient uptake, so it’s vital to provide sufficient nitrogen and other micronutrients. Keep in mind that at this stage, the plant is especially sensitive to temperature and humidity fluctuations, so it’s recommended to use thermometers and hygrometers to monitor the environment.
The plant is also sensitive to soil pH levels. The ideal pH range for cannabis is between 6.0 and 7.0. Maintaining optimal pH helps the plant’s roots absorb nutrients efficiently. Regular ventilation of the grow room or outdoor area where the plant is growing is essential to prevent fungal diseases and improve air circulation around the plants.
Flowering stage
The flowering stage is the period when the cannabis plant begins forming buds. This usually occurs when the plant receives less than 12 hours of light per day and lasts from 6 to 10 weeks. During this time, the plant stops vertical growth and focuses its energy on producing flowers and synthesizing cannabinoids like THC and CBD.
It’s important to control humidity levels to prevent mold and fungal diseases. Additionally, nitrogen levels in fertilizers should be reduced while phosphorus and potassium should be increased to promote flower development and improve yields.
During the flowering phase, closely monitor the plant for signs of stress such as yellowing or curling leaves, which may indicate nutrient deficiencies or excess moisture. It is also recommended to maintain daytime temperatures between 20–26°C (68–79°F) and nighttime temperatures around 18–20°C (64–68°F).
Experienced growers recommend using specialized flowering fertilizers and bloom boosters to help the plants reach their full yield potential.
Maturation and harvest
The final stage of cannabis growth is maturation and harvest. At this stage, it's important to watch for signs of plant ripeness:
- Trichome color change (they turn milky white or amber).
- Yellowing and drying of lower leaves.
- Reduced moisture on the leaves.
Harvesting should be done in dry weather to minimize the risk of mold. Cut plants should be dried in a cool, dark, and well-ventilated space for about 7–14 days. After that, the curing stage begins, which takes another 2 to 4 weeks to fully develop the flavor and aroma.
Proper curing not only improves the taste and aroma of the product but also significantly increases the concentration of beneficial compounds, including cannabinoids and terpenes. Regularly checking the buds during curing helps prevent over-drying and mold growth.
Conclusion
Understanding all stages of cannabis growth and following proper care guidelines ensures healthy plants with high yields and quality cannabinoids. Special attention should be given to lighting, humidity, nutrition, and timely harvesting. In Ukraine's moderate climate, many cannabis strains thrive successfully, but it’s best to choose those most adapted to local conditions. Proper care at each development stage guarantees consistent results and high-quality end products.
Attention!!! Errors Seeds does not encourage you to grow cannabis and does not assist you in any way. Cultivation is prohibited by the legislation of Ukraine. The article is for scientific and informational purposes only.
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